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Browse All : Images of Black Sea and Turkey
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Description
STS073-723-054 (20 OCTOBER - 5 NOVEMBER 1995) --- Central Turkey dominates this north-looking panorama, with the long fingered island of Cyprus lower left, surrounded by the deep blue waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Turkey's capital, Ankara, lies just north of the white bed of a dry lake in the center of the view. The city is supplied with water from the neighboring blue lake. The coast of Syria and Lebanon appear bottom right. Man-made lakes on the upper Euphrates River in eastern Turkey appear extreme right.. According to scientists studying the STS-73 photo collection, the striking difference in visibility to north and south of Turkey suggests a pollution event over the Black Sea. Air pollution from East European industry flows down into the Black Sea basin, especially at the west end (haze top left) as shown in this view (compare clearer air top right).
Description
ISS008-E-21752 (16 April 2004) --- This image featuring Istanbul, Turkey was photographed by an Expedition 8 crewmember on the International Space Station (ISS). This metropolis of 15 million occupies both sides of the entrance to the narrow, 20-mile long Bosporus Strait connecting the Mediterranean and Sea of Marmara (south) to the Black Sea (north). When this image was taken, strong currents carried turbid coastal waters from the Black Sea through the Strait and into the Sea of Marmara. The rugged uplands to the north of the city are forested and contain vital reservoirs. Note Ataturk airport southwest of the city near the bottom of the image, the picturesque Prince Islands in the Sea of Marmara, and the sinuous waterway and harbor on the western shore known as the Golden Horn.
Author
[Lowry, J.W., Sharpe, J.]
Note
Relief shown by hachures. Countries and states outlined in color. Black Sea formerly known as the Euxine Sea.
Author
Monte (Monti), Urbano, 1544-1613
Author
Pirî Reis, d. 1554?
Note
Author's name given on fol. 376b as Raʾīs al-Baḥr Pīrī ibn Muḥammad; author dates preferred by (Walters) cataloger: d. 962 AH / 1555 CE
Author
Pirî Reis, d. 1554?
Note
Author's name given on fol. 376b as Raʾīs al-Baḥr Pīrī ibn Muḥammad; author dates preferred by (Walters) cataloger: d. 962 AH / 1555 CE
Author
Pirî Reis, d. 1554?
Note
Author's name given on fol. 376b as Raʾīs al-Baḥr Pīrī ibn Muḥammad; author dates preferred by (Walters) cataloger: d. 962 AH / 1555 CE
Author
[Rossi, Giovanni Giacomo de, 1627-1691, Cantelli, Giacomo, 1643-1695, Rossi, Domenico de, 1647-1729, Sanson, Nicolas, 1600-1667, Pietrasanta, Guiseppe]
Note
Outline hand colored map of the west of the Black Sea, today's Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, with decorative cartouche. Relief shown pictorially. Shows administrative divisions, cities, towns, landmarks, churches, forests, rivers and mountains.
Author
[Orgiazzi, J.A., Picquet]
Note
Date estimated; based on newest map sheet in atlas, 1854.
Author
[Orgiazzi, J.A., Picquet]
Note
Date estimated; based on newest map sheet in atlas, 1854.
Author
Orgiazzi, J.A.
Note
Date estimated; based on newest map sheet in atlas, 1854.
Author
Fer, Nicolas de, 1646-1720
Author
[Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598, Vrients, Jan Baptista]
Note
Part of the Parergon.
Author
[Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598, Vrients, Jan Baptista]
Note
Part of the Parergon.
Author
Gray, O.W.
Note
Includes etymological explanation of various prefixes, terminations, and formative syllables of many names on the map.
Author
Arrowsmith, Aaron
Note
"Arrowsmith's large and detailed map of the Ottoman Empire and the Black Sea. By the beginning of the nineteenth century the Ottoman Empire had fallen some way from the lofty heights of 1683, when it had threatened the gates of Vienna. The Russo-Turkish wars of the eighteenth century most notably that of 1768-1774 weakened the Empire considerably, and by the time of the present map's publication many of the Great European powers believed her break-up to be imminent.The ramifications of the Empire's gradual decline became know as the Eastern Question; with Britain, Austria, France, and Russia increasingly using the Empire as a pawn in their diplomatic games. At the time of the production of the map during the Napoleonic War - Britain was increasingly concerned by both Russian and French involvement in Ottoman affairs. She feared not only Russian designs on Constantinople and her wish for a Mediterranean port; but also that control by either power of the Eastern Mediterranean would lead to British interests - most notably in India being severely compromised." (Lyon and Turnbull).
Author
Arrowsmith, Aaron
Note
"Arrowsmith's large and detailed map of the Ottoman Empire and the Black Sea. By the beginning of the nineteenth century the Ottoman Empire had fallen some way from the lofty heights of 1683, when it had threatened the gates of Vienna. The Russo-Turkish wars of the eighteenth century most notably that of 1768-1774 weakened the Empire considerably, and by the time of the present map's publication many of the Great European powers believed her break-up to be imminent.The ramifications of the Empire's gradual decline became know as the Eastern Question; with Britain, Austria, France, and Russia increasingly using the Empire as a pawn in their diplomatic games. At the time of the production of the map during the Napoleonic War - Britain was increasingly concerned by both Russian and French involvement in Ottoman affairs. She feared not only Russian designs on Constantinople and her wish for a Mediterranean port; but also that control by either power of the Eastern Mediterranean would lead to British interests - most notably in India being severely compromised." (Lyon and Turnbull).
Author
Arrowsmith, Aaron
Note
"Arrowsmith's large and detailed map of the Ottoman Empire and the Black Sea. By the beginning of the nineteenth century the Ottoman Empire had fallen some way from the lofty heights of 1683, when it had threatened the gates of Vienna. The Russo-Turkish wars of the eighteenth century most notably that of 1768-1774 weakened the Empire considerably, and by the time of the present map's publication many of the Great European powers believed her break-up to be imminent.The ramifications of the Empire's gradual decline became know as the Eastern Question; with Britain, Austria, France, and Russia increasingly using the Empire as a pawn in their diplomatic games. At the time of the production of the map during the Napoleonic War - Britain was increasingly concerned by both Russian and French involvement in Ottoman affairs. She feared not only Russian designs on Constantinople and her wish for a Mediterranean port; but also that control by either power of the Eastern Mediterranean would lead to British interests - most notably in India being severely compromised." (Lyon and Turnbull).
Author
Gray, Ormando Willis
Note
Prime meridians Washington D.C. and Greenwich. Relief shown by hachures. Russian and Ottoman Empires are delineated. Includes etymological explanation of various geographical terms from several languages.
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